Adjustment and Accuracy Analysis of GPS Survey Networks

What Will You Learn?

• Explain the purpose of adjusting redundant GPS survey observations
• Distinguish between internal precision and external positional accuracy
• Differentiate free, minimally constrained, partially constrained, and fully constrained adjustments
• Describe a recommended sequence for performing a rigorous least-squares adjustment
• Evaluate baseline weights, covariance information, variance factors, and normalized residuals
• Identify potential outliers and interpret error ellipses and positional-accuracy statistics
• Explain how inappropriate constraints can distort an otherwise consistent survey network
• Describe adjustment reporting, accuracy classification, and metadata requirements